ИСТИНА

Compression of economic activity to the capitals in recent years has meant that the load is shifted to the Moscow region, where the environmental situation is assessed as critical. Growing concentration of the population determines the highest levels of loading on water resources, waste volumes, and the impact of motor vehicles. In the Moscow capital region there is a growth of water consumption, and the main sources of pollution of surface water bodies are contaminated household, industrial and storm sewage of cities and towns and cottage settlements. There is a growing pressure on forests due to illegal logging. Trends in the ecological situation in the Moscow region for the past 25 years are ambiguous and complicated. When increasing the region's share in the production volumes of the country (38% in constant prices from 1991 to 2014) decreased its contribution not only to emissions from stationary sources, but also from vehicles. Moscow region provides 2.5% of Russia's emissions from stationary sources, 5% - from motor vehicles (and taking into account Moscow - 15%), taking on the total index of air emissions in ninth place. At the same time 1.5 times rose the share of the region in the pollution of water resources of the country, over the last ten years the area of solid waste landfills and illegal dumping increased 8 times, the forest area has decreased by 5%. In recent years, in the Moscow capital region have changed not only the proportions between different types of environmental impact, but also between urban areas and spaces between roadways. It was strengthened regional differences in the contribution of anthropogenic impacts. The maximum difference between the areas of emissions into the atmosphere in 2014 compared since 1990 have increased threefold. In the peripheral areas of the region amplified the impact of agriculture, in other areas exposed to an increasing proportion of human impacts of land as a result of the rapid development of suburban real estate market and the expansion Moscow territory.