ИСТИНА

In the river valleys of the center of the Russian Plain (Moskva, Oka, Don, and their tributaries), the following signs of anthropogenic origin of extreme floods are found: - A thick alluvium layer of the last millennium lying on well-developed soils indicates a previous long stage of the absence of sedimentation and stability of the floodplain surface. - Sharply intensified erosion processes on the slopes of river valleys and ravines (arable erosion) that correspond to the time of active agricultural development of the territory. - Accordingly, the landscapes of the territory change. According to soil and palynological studies, forests in significant areas were replaced by arable fields and anthropogenic meadows. Subsequently, the soils underwent a process of progradation (humus accumulation, the disappearance of signs of podzolization, the appearance of molehills).