ИСТИНА

Sometimes the Sun generates particles (the solar cosmic rays -SCR) with sufficient energy and intensity, which lead to a noticeable increase in the radiation level at altitudes from the Earth's surface to about 10-15 km. Such events are commonly referred to as GLE (Ground Level Enhancements). SCR, like the Galactic cosmic rays (GCR), is 90% composed of protons, so speaking of the characteristics of the spectra of primary particles during GLE events;we mean SCRprotons with energyof the order of 1-20 GeV. The NM account database for various stations during GLE is available at http://gle.oulu.fi/, developed at the cosmic ray station of the University of Oulu, Finland. The GLE study remainsrelevant for more than 60 years [Meyer et al., 1956, Vashenyuk, E. V. et al, 2008]. For example, the event GLE No. 5 had a significant impact on the development of all the sciences of solar-terrestrial physics and physics of the terrestrial environment: solar photosphere, chromosphere and corona, solar wind, SCR, GCR, magnetosphere, ionosphere, etc. In this work, the sequential events of GLE No 65 and GLE No 67 the energy spectra of the PSCR, the characteristics of the cascades of the secondary CRs and the final effect of the SCR -ionization of the Earth's atmosphere material are discussed in detail. It should be noted that the earliest calculations of ionization in the D-layer of the ionosphere (50-100 km) were carried out only with allowance for electromagnetic processes, while for altitudes of 0-50 km, an important role is played by nucleon-nucleus interactions. In this paper,all models of nucleon-nucleon, nucleon-nucleus and electromagnetic interactions are used to calculate the induced PSСRin the Earth's ionization atmosphere, taking into account, ultimately, the electromagnetic,muon, and hadron ionization.