ИСТИНА

The biomass structure, mycelium's length, numbers of prokaryotes and fungi, rDNA genes of prokaryotes and fungi in the tundra soil of Peninsula Ribachiy and in Vorkuta were evaluated. The biomass of microorganisms is <0.1 mg / g of soil. Dominants in the microbial biomass of the studied soils are fungi, the mass of which is 2 orders of magnitude higher than prokaryotic. The minimum mass of fungi (about 0.1 mg / g of soil), the proportion (10–18%) and length (4–7 m / g of soil) of mycelium are noted in cryogenic heaving soils without vegetation and under cinders with a low content of organic matter, and the maximum biomass of mycobiota (about 0.7 mg / g of soil), the proportion (65-80%) and length (400-500 m / g of soil) of mycelium were found in peaty soil horizons and moss tows under shading. The number of fungal spores averaged up to 7 × 105 cells / g of soil, and their diameter usually did not exceed 3 microns. The minimum biomass of prokaryotes (about 4 × 10-4 mg / g of soil) is noted in samples of anthropogenically transformed soils with the lowest carbon dioxide emission, and the maximum (about 3 × 10-3 mg / g of soil) in soils with peaty horizons. The length of the actinomycete mycelium in the samples varied from 0 (in postagrolandscapes) to 120 m / g of soil (in the moss-hummocky tundra). The number of prokaryotic cells ranged from about 107 (in soils of cryogenic heats and in postagrolandscapes) to 107 cells / g of soil (in soils under the willows). The highest number of archaea and bacteria is characterized by a sample under the burning area since 1994, 6.6 * 1010 and 2.6 * 1011 copies / g. soils, respectively, and its smallest number at the point with the maximum flow of CO2 from the anthropogenically disturbed soils: archaea 1,2 * 109 copies / g. soil, bacteria 9.8 * 109 copies / g. soil. The maximum number of micromycetes is observed in samples of topsoil of birch crimped wood, and is 1.2 * 1010 copies / g. soil. The minimum number of micromycetes is typical for samples of cryogenic crack 1.7 * 108.