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The report describes one possible approach to complex account environmental factors to determine the sensitivity of shoreline bays of the White Sea to the oil spill, proposed integral index of the sensitivity of coastal areas, taking into account the relationship of geological and geomorphological structure of the coast, the physical processes that occur in contact with the oil on shore and the vulnerability of biota to oil spills. The results of the practical implementation of the proposed approach and revealed the most stable and the most sensitive areas of the coastline of the Kandalaksha and Onega Bay of the White Sea.