ИСТИНА

The system of precedent phenomena (names, texts, situations, statements) is one of the tools for transmitting the “cultural memory” of a people from one generation to another and at the same time a way of uniting a nation around its cultural values and moral ideals. The precedent phenomena often act as moral standards of a nation, fixing its assessment of reality. All precedent phenomena are interrelated and actualize each other, they help you to find and analyze the most important and significant knowledge for members of a certain linguocultural community. This becomes especially important for a foreign speaker who studies the language, culture, mentality of another nation. The precedent names function as cultural signs, that is, such elements of discourse that are able to actualize the cultural knowledge of their country (information about historical and fictional events, characters, and other objects of the material and spiritual culture of the country) in the mind of a native speaker and to evoke certain emotions, thoughts, associations and memories of a native speaker of the linguocultural community. The paper presents a technology for constructing linguocognitive directories, which is designed to help efficiently master information on precedent names mainly through specific language units, most of which are recorded in language dictionaries (phraseological units such as chengyu, xiehouyu, guanyongyu, verbal clichés, phrase calculation, quotes). The discursive actualizers given in the directories are all sorts of information about the linguistic and non-linguistic activities of members of the linguocultural community, through which the discourse makes an appeal to the referent of this precedent name.