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In this paper we report on a novel dual-stage technique for fabricating silicon nanoparticles with high potential for optical theranostics. The essence of this approach consists in fabrication of porous silicon films or silicon nanowires arrays with reduced laser ablation thresholds at first stage, followed by high-yield generation of nanoparticles by means of laser ablation in liquids at second stage. An extensive study of structural and optical properties of produced nanoparticles is reported together with pilot results of visualization with fluorescence imaging and optical coherence tomography.