ИСТИНА

Vegetation is sensitive to changes in the conditions of growth associated with both natural andanthropogenic factors. Changes in the state of individual plant species and vegetation cover inпeneral allow them to be used as indicators of natural and anthropogenic processes, expressed indifferent values of the spectral characteristics of the studied surface. Spectral images of plants andother surface types can be used to interpret the state of ecosystems reflected in satellite images.They are necessary for creating and updating libraries of reference spectral images — referencedatabases containing values of the spectral brightness coefficient of objects on the earth's surfaceobtained under standardized conditions. Satellite images are increasingly used to identify featuresof the underlying surface, mainly vegetation, as well as rocks in areas devoid of vegetation cover.The purpose of this work is to analyze the possibilities and limitations of using ground-basedspectrometry methods for decoding satellite images and creating libraries of spectral images ofplants. The research was carried out on the Kola Peninsula under conditions of technogenic impactand on background territories. Long-term research shows the ability of vegetation to selectivelyreflect falling solar radiation depending on its species composition and plant condition. Theanalysis of the possibilities and limitations of using ground-based spectrometry methods fordecoding satellite images and creating libraries of spectral images of Arctic plants allowed us toestablish that the main objects being decoded can be distinguished by spectral brightness curves:species of trees, shrubs, mosses, lichens and herbaceous plants. Measurements by 4-channel andhyperspectral spectrometers give very close values of the spectral brightness coefficient of thesame samples, but hyperspectral data provide additional information in the near and mid-infraredparts of the spectrum, the interpretation of which requires additional research. The spectralbrightness coefficient of birch leaves clearly indicated chlorosis and necrosis, even if a small part ofthem is affected. Experimental measurements show that humidification of lichen samples can actambiguously (both increase and decrease the values of their spectral brightness coefficient). Theinfluence of species features and habitat conditions is clearly reflected in the spectral image ofdifferent plant species.This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Project No 18-05-60221