ИСТИНА

Water is one of the main attributes of the world around us. Turning into ice or water vapor it controls a wide range of natural phenomena. It is one of the most moving substances of Earth and in it as in a mirror all imbalance of the Nature reflects. The laws that govern the water are above all the laws of classical physics, laws of motion and conservation. They determine an equilibrium state and out of it when the balance of forces, flows and energy is disturbed. Volcanic eruption, earthquake, tsunami, hurricane or tornado formation is the extreme form of imbalance of Nature. Unfortunately they are involved in it as a genetic feature. Mass and energy flows pervade the natural world. The structure of the space makes them come into conflict. Internal stress increase, there is an imbalance resulting in the fast, catastrophic events. Whether it is possible to understand the reasons of similar imbalance and to find its critical conditions? The water in their states shows the most striking examples of imbalance of Nature. If the equilibrium of forces and flows is disturbed the nature of movement can fundamentally change. The dependence of the total flux I flowing through the structure of the pressure drop Δp causing this flow can serve as an important informative characteristic for the imbalance phenomena connected with water. This «flow - forcing» characteristic I(Δp) qualitatively changes its form with changes of so-called bifurcation parameter. From monotonous it can become S- or N-shaped. The approach to the analysis of Nature imbalance phenomenon can be illustrated by geyser eruption mechanism which is theoretically described in (Nechayev, 2012). One-dimensional motion of water flow in the geyser conduit obeys the Navier-Stokes equation. The influx of masses of water vapor due to water boiling in an underground chamber creates increasing overpressure. Bifurcation parameter is the volume of this chamber. There is a critical value of this volume (as compared with the volume of conduit) when the acceleration of the flow becomes positive and the eruption starts. The steady-state characteristic I (Δp) can become S-shaped. The process of the volcanic eruption development is probably similar. In our opinion the main driving power of volcanic eruption is a contact of deep water-bearing layers to the magmatic chamber. Thermal energy of magma is transferred to the overpressure of superheated water vapor in some porous zone which is isolated from the surface. Bifurcation parameter is the volume of this vapor area. The magnitude of this volume determines the power of eruption, the velocities of lava and pyroclastic material. For the hurricanes too it is possible to find the analogous characteristic I (Δp) (Nechayev, Solovyev, 2011). It can be the dependence of a full vertical air flow of horizontal pressure drop. Bifurcation parameter is the saturation mixing ratio of the moist air in the lower troposphere. Thus, despite all complexity of natural phenomena, it is possible to propose a generalized approach to the analysis of imbalance states of Nature taking into account the integral characteristics and corresponding bifurcation parameters.