ИСТИНА

The problems of democracy and global governance are increasingly revealing their relevance in the international arena, which makes these topics the main ones in the system of modern international relations. In this regard, it should be noted that the basic principles of democracy formulated in the era of bourgeois transformations and laid the foundation for modern democratic institutions have found stable forms so far only in individual countries and need a new understanding if we talk about their applicability and dissemination on a global scale. And here's why. From the fact that the world community has found a "common home", a common destiny, and a common responsibility for what is happening in the world, it does not follow that the democratic values and principles of organizing public life, according to which a smaller part of humanity lives so far, will automatically be perceived by the rest of the world community. At least, the pressure and activity with which democratic values are introduced into other cultures that are not adapted for this, often causes discontent, bewilderment, and even a backlash. It is now quite obvious that Western civilization and the corresponding values formed in its depths are not a panacea for the global problems that humanity faced in the second half of the twentieth century. This alone does not free the West from a critical attitude towards its system and the search for ways to improve it. In addition, the East, which is playing an increasingly prominent role in world affairs, not only does not want, but also cannot change its essence in the shortest possible time, adopting the rules of the game and the system of values of the West in the way they are imposed. Even Russia, which is culturally and socio-economically much closer to the West than its Eastern neighbors, cannot do this. Therefore, whether they want it or not, Western countries should look for compromises on this path and, first of all, with the countries of the East and Russia, which also cannot avoid searching for the same compromises. At the same time, non–Western countries should recognize that the universal values, rights and freedom of the individual, provided by the institution of private property, are not propaganda techniques of the West, but essential, integral characteristics of both its way of life and its way of action. The unresolved nature of such problems is a serious obstacle to democratic transformations and the formation of a global civil society, which in the future should be formed as a result of overcoming fragmentation and the formation of an integral world. And this means that in the conditions of modern globalization, humanity needs effective governance at the global level more than ever before. The idea of managing social processes at the global level is not new in principle. People first thought about managing the global world after the Great Geographical Discoveries, when they fully realized that they lived on the globe and when they faced real problems of the same scale. But then only the first signs of a problem appeared. The situation has changed fundamentally since the mid-twentieth century, when, under the influence of globalization, all of humanity has become a single social system. By this time, the world community has reached such a milestone of its development, beyond which only the spontaneously emerging regulation of international relations generates such problems that really threaten the existence of all mankind. Hence, the consciously and purposefully built management of the entire system of international relations becomes the dictate of the times, because the global world without effective global governance is doomed to serious trials. In this context, it should be noted that any talk about a "world government", a "single center" for decision-making in relation to all mankind, which is so much talked about in the modern world, lies away from the essence of the problem. The fact is that the modern world community is not structured in any way, does not have a single center or pole. Hence, traditional methods of managing social processes based on hierarchical principles of organization are not suitable. They won't work on a global level. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to other approaches that are more appropriate to modern realities, in particular, for example, the network principle of managing complex systems. This technology consists in the fact that the management of complex and large-scale structures is based not on the hierarchical, but on the network principle of the organization and functioning of the system, assuming polycentricity and participation in the management of all the elements that make up this system. And such global governance should be based not only on the latest information technologies, but also on taking into account the national characteristics and cultural diversity of the peoples living on our planet.