ИСТИНА

In the last decade, many bacteria with outstanding resistance havebeen discovered and the already known pathogenic bacteria gainedresistance genes. It caused a gradual decrease in the efficiency ofthe known antibiotics. According to a population-level modellinganalysis in the European Union in 2015 it was estimated that33000 deaths were caused by antimicrobial resistance. In our labo-ratory method, convenient for high throughput screening was invented. A broad-specificity system for detecting translation inhi-bitors is built upon the tryptophan attenuator trpL and Katush-ka2S fluorescent protein. DNA-damaging antibiotics can bedetected by the expression of Red Fluorescent Protein (RFP)cloned under sulA promoter. Using this approach 50000 individualchemical compounds and 4000 cultural broth were tested. Amongtested substances we have found chemicals that induce transla-tional reporter system. Molecule«Y020-7126»from ChemDivcompound library inhibits translation in the non-cellular systemandin vivoincorporation of C14-valine in cells proteins, stopstranslation on the stage of elongation according to the toe-printingassay. Also, two cultural broth which contains inhibitors of trans-lation were found—the compound auroplanin from a culturalbroth of Actinoplanes sp. VKM Ac-2862. It has the empirical for-mula C23H25NO4and, according to the structure solved byNuclear Magnetic Resonance, is a novel molecule.E. colistrainsresistant to this active compound have mutations in 560 helices of16S rRNA. These mutations were not described in the literaturebefore. Another interesting broth sample of bacteriumAmycolo-plasissp. This culture produces aromatic polyketide antibiotictetracenomycin X (TcmX), which is a potent inhibitor of proteinsynthesis and does not induce DNA damage as previously thought. TcmX binds to a novel site within the polypeptide exit tunnel onthe large subunit. The reported study was funded by RFBRaccording to the research projectNo20-34-90048.