ИСТИНА

Due to the high level of urban pollution ecological and geochemical mapping has acquired special urgency. This research suggests methodical procedures of creating such maps. A landscape-functional zoning of the Eastern Administrative District of Moscow was made and a synthetic landscape-geochemical map 1:50 000 M, which reflects the differentiation of landscapes in terms of accumulation and the risk of contamination by heavy metals (HM) was created. The geochemical systematics of urban landscapes (Perelman, Kasimov, 1999) was presented as well as mapping basis, which takes into account two main aspects: the intensity of anthropogenic impact in different functional zones and landscape-geochemical environment that affects the fate (accumulation and dispersion) of pollutants. Technogenic factors are presented by two blocks of cartographic materials. The most wide group represents the maps of functional zones, building density and structure, soil sealing and etc. of Eastern District of Moscow, built on the using of multispectral high (2.4 m, 10 m) resolution satellite images from QuickBird and SPOT-5 and thermal infrared images (60 m) from Landsat 7. The second group contains the geochemical maps of 2010-2011 based on field investigation over the city territory and some methodological principles of geochemical analysis. This maps show the content and distribution of HM in soils and snow cover. Natural factors are reflected in the component maps (landscape map, soil map, geomorphological map, map of soil pH, map of areas of flooding, map of elementary landscapes etc.), characterizing the conditions of migration and accumulation of HM in geochemical landscapes. These maps were created by investigation of different cartographic materials, literary and scientific sources. All maps were organized into personal geodatabase operated by DBMS ArcGIS 10 and were implemented on University geoportal using web-technology solutions. The synthetic landscape-geochemical map was created by comparing of all presented geoinformation data using GIS overlay of layers and geostatistical analysis in the program package ArcGIS-ArcInfo 10. On this map 20 landscape-geochemical complexes were allocated, which natural and technogenic status evaluates the ecological risks of contamination of landscape components by HM and determines the quality of urban environment.