ИСТИНА

The assessment of anthropogenic aerosol and its effects were made for the large European megacity (Moscow, Russia) using a COSMO-Ru2-ART/URB configuration of the regional non-hydrostatic atmospheric COSMO model (http://www.cosmo-model.org /) with the ART (Aerosols and Reactive Trace gases) interactive chemical transport model and TERRA_URB parametrization of the urban underlying surface at a grid step of 2 km. The simulations were forced by initial and boundary data from COSMO-Ru7 configuration (initial and boundary conditions from ICON model) and ERA-5, and by emissions from the CAMS, ECLIPSE, EMEP databases. Emissions were re-distributed within higher-resolution grid taking into account the spatial distribution of roads and industrial areas derived from OpenStreetMap data. The necessity of using the data from several databases and their modifications are discussed in detail. To identify the magnitude of the anthropogenic impact of the aerosol, numerical experiments were carried out with and without emissions of pollutants. The quality of the surface aerosol assessment was verified using the ground-based PM10 measurements and columnar aerosol according to AERONET measurements in Moscow and out of Moscow. According to measurements and model simulations we have revealed a noticeable growth of aerosol pollution near highways. The urban aerosol effects on radiation and meteorological characteristics of the atmosphere, as well as their interaction with urban heat island under various conditions including the higher ratio of black carbon in PM10 are discussed.