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The report gives an overview of the field of biological autoluminescence (BAL), also known as ultraweak photon emission (UPE) or biochemiluminescence (BCL). It starts from the first works introducing the concept of mitogenetic radiation (MGR) – ultraweak ultraviolet BAL, supposedly affecting mitoses in the neighboring tissues or cell cultures, claimed by Alexander Gurwitsch in 1923. Further, it overviews the comprehensive set of works, verifying and investigating MGR both physically and biologically within the next 20—30 years and discusses their strengths and weaknesses. The second part of the report refers to re-discovery and further research of the UPE from biological systems, which resulted in the present-day free-radical biology and biophysics.