ИСТИНА

1. The problem of realism remains as topical as two thousand years ago, when it first became a subject for theoretical ruminations in the Ancient Greek thought. Since that, philosophy and its outshot – science – have tremendously advanced in their development. Still, the question how the world is built remains largely not answered . There are no universal criteria letting us compare human visions of this or that substance with what it looks like in reality. As a result, we continue living within our own heads not being ultimately sure whether we understand correctly what our environment is about and how it works. Talking about realism, with regard to ourselves and the surrounding world, we should not forget about the related processes. They also may and should be considered from both realist and antirealist positions, especially when human interests are involved. Another words, the realist-antirealist debate should nowadays be broadened to include not just the sphere of living and non-living nature (including people), but the concomitant processes too. 2. The above-said is also true for the global studies – the newest sphere of interdisciplinary knowledge, embracing various academic disciplines studying global objects, structures, system and ongoing processes . In this sphere the problem of realism is especially acute, because globalization directly involves human interests and many scholars understand it is a man-made, pre-designed project. This position I cannot agree with. It is antirealist, because the apparent order of things is presented as the real one. But if one sticks to the position of realism, one should admit that global processes initially and in their essence are objective, meaning that they are engendered by natural flow of historic development and exist independently of human will and consciousness. 3. Humanity, being a result of natural evolution and, thus, a component of biosphere, has passed several stages in its development. In the beginning social life was organized locally, but starting from the 1st millennium B.C. it became regional and, finally, in the age of the Great Geographic Discoveries – global. And this is the world we are living in now, where globalization have become multi-aspect . Admitting this fact and its objective consequences (universal mutual interdependence, single information field, common threats, etc.) is crucial not just for building realist policy for various spheres of social life, but also for establishing correct relations in nature-society equilibrium. From the position of realism we must be aware that neither in the short, nor in the long run humanity is not able to separate itself from its natural environment on Earth. Therefore, it should undertake efforts to preserve pristine nature in its state of sustainable and self-regulating development. This task is extremely complex, but unless it is fulfilled, humanity has no chance to survive in the foreseeable future. Thus, the problem of realism in global studies turns into the demand of time and the chance not just to understand this world adequately but also to preserve sapiens life on Earth.