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I argue that light is a continuous classical electromagnetic wave, while the observed so-called quantum nature of the interaction of light with matter is connected to the discrete (atomic) structure of matter and to the specific nature of the light-atom interaction. From this point of view, the Born rule for light is derived, and the double-slit experiment is analysed in detail. I show that the double-slit experiment can be explained without using the concept of a “photon”, solely on the basis of classical electrodynamics. I show that within this framework, the Heisenberg uncertainty principle for a “photon” has a simple physical meaning not related to the fundamental limitations in accuracy of the simultaneous measurement of position and momentum or time and energy. I argue also that we can avoid the paradoxes connected with the wave-particle duality of the electron if we consider some classical wave field - “an electron wave” - instead of electrons as the particles and consider the wave equations (Dirac, Klein-Gordon, Pauli and Schrödinger) as the field equations similar to Maxwell equations for the electromagnetic field. It is shown that such an electron field must have an electric charge, an intrinsic angular momentum and an intrinsic magnetic moment continuously distributed in the space. It is shown that from this perspective, the double-slit experiment for “electrons”, the Born rule, the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and the Compton effect all have a simple explanation within classical field theory. It is shown that all of the basic properties of the hydrogen atom can be consistently described in terms of classical electrodynamics, if instead of considering the electron to be a particle we will consider an electrically charged classical wave field - an “electron wave” - which is held by the electrostatic field of the proton In the framework of classical electrodynamics, all of the well-known regularities of the spontaneous emission of the hydrogen atom are obtained, which is usually derived in the framework of quantum electrodynamics. It is shown that there are no discrete states and discrete energy levels of the atom: the energy of the atom and its states change continuously. An explanation of the conventional corpuscular-statistical interpretation of atomic phenomena is given. It is shown that this explanation is only a misinterpretation of continuous deterministic processes. In the framework of classical electrodynamics, the nonlinear Schrödinger equation is obtained, which accounts for the inverse action of self-electromagnetic radiation of the electron wave and completely describes the spontaneous emissions of an atom. From this point of view, a light-atom interaction is considered. In particular, atom excitation by light that accounts for damping due to spontaneous emission is fully described in the framework of classical field theory. I show that three well-known laws of the photoelectric effect can also be derived and that all of its basic properties can be described within classical field theory. From this point of view, a fully classical theory of thermal radiation is constructed. Planck’s law for the spectral energy density of thermal radiation and the Einstein A-coefficient for spontaneous emission are derived in the framework of classical field theory without using the concept of “photon”. It is shown that the spectral energy density of thermal radiation is apparently not a universal function of frequency, as follows from the Planck’s law, but depends weakly on the nature of atoms, while Planck’s law is valid only as an approximation in the limit of weak excitation of atoms. These results show that quantum mechanics must be considered to be not a theory of particles but a classical field theory in the spirit of classical electrodynamics. In this case, we are not faced with difficulties in interpreting the results of the theory.