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In the present work, we investigate the rheological properties of viscoelastic surfactant solutions (anionic surfactant potassium oleate) in the presence of polymer (hydrophobically modified polyacrylamide with high degree of blockiness). First, it was shown that the addition of a low polymer concentration (0.5 wt.%) results in the 5-fold increase of viscosity and storage modulus. Then, the rheological studies were performed on aqueous salt solutions of the surfactant and polymer in the presence of different concentrations of hydrocarbon. The decrease of viscosity upon addition of hydrocarbon, which is due to the disruption of wormlike micelles, is almost the same for both surfactant and surfactant/polymer systems. However, a higher concentration of hydrocarbon is necessary to disrupt a common polymer-micellar network than a pure micellar one.