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The data processing system comprises: - a plurality of executive units (EUs) and shared memory (10) comprising RAM memory, each executive unit having access to the shared memory and being adapted to execute processing instructions of software procedures stored in the shared memory; and - an interconnection arrangement (20) for connecting any executive unit to any other executive unit. The system is arranged for enabling a software procedure executed on any executive unit to cause the latter to call another software procedure on another executive unit by sending a data stream to it containing a procedure identifier of the other procedure and the parameters for its execution. An executive unit arbiter (30) of the system is able to identify a free executive unit among the executive units. So it is possible for an executive unit to call a procedure on any other executive unit by cooperating with the latter. The system allows to run control-flow based programs, but also data-flow based programs with help on an associative memory 40 which may be implemented in software.