Seasonal CO2 rectifier effect and large-scale extratropical atmospheric transportстатья
Статья опубликована в высокорейтинговом журнале
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Дата последнего поиска статьи во внешних источниках: 7 ноября 2015 г.
Аннотация:In atmospheric transport models, the covariation of the atmospheric transport and
annually neutral biospheric CO2 flux is usually evident as the annual zonal mean surface
CO2 concentration gradient. Using the NIES transport model and CO2 flux from the
Biome-BGC model, the covariations of different transport mechanisms and CO2 flux were
examined and quantified. Including the covariation of the total transport (processes
included in the NIES model) and CO2 flux, the annual average pole to pole CO2
concentration gradient is 3.5 ppm and interhemispheric difference of the average
extratropical surface concentration is 2.5 ppm. The conventional covariation mechanism
of the seasonal variation of planetary boundary layer mixing height and CO2 flux
accounts for approximately 45% of the CO2 concentration gradient. Another important
contribution to the CO2 concentration gradient in this model is the covariation of the
extratropical anomaly transport (mainly by cyclones and anticyclones) and the biospheric
flux, which accounts for about 55%. This alternate physical mechanism is the association of
stronger meridional (north–south) anomaly transport (under strong baroclinic instability
condition) with higher CO2 concentration from soil respiration in the winter and weaker
anomaly transport (weak baroclinic instability condition) with lower CO2 concentration
from photosynthetic uptake in the summer. The net result of the meridional transport and
flux covariation is a north–south annual zonal mean CO2 concentration gradient.