First report of Phomopsis phaseoli on tomato

Elansky, S.N.; Shkunkova, T.A.; Shkunkova, T.A.; Chudinova, E.M.; Pakina, E.N.; Kokaeva, L.Y.; Alexandrova, A.V.; Krutyakov, Y.A.

Авторы: Elansky S.N., Shkunkova T.A., Shkunkova T.A., Chudinova E.M., Pakina E.N., Kokaeva L.Y., Alexandrova A.V., Krutyakov Y.A.
Журнал: Journal of Plant Pathology
Том: 102
Номер: 1
Год издания: 2020
Издательство: Societa Italiana di Patologia Vegetale
Местоположение издательства: Italy
Первая страница: 263
Последняя страница: 264
DOI: 10.1007/s42161-019-00403-6
Аннотация: In 2017, we collected tomato fruits with anthracnose symptoms: depressed dark spots with small black structures of presumable fungal origin on the surface. Tomato fruits (cv. Slivka) with similar symptoms were collected in August in a commercial, irrigated field in the Krasnodar Territory of Russia. Small dark-colored structures were transferred with preparation needle onto the surface of 1,5% malt agar medium amended with penicillin (1000 U/ml benzylpenicillin sodium) in a Petri dish. Two strains were isolated in axenic cultures. On the seventh day of incubation at 25ºC they colonized the entire Petri dish (95 mm). Microscopic observations revealed the presence of dark-colored perithecia with a long neck, 200*20 µm in size. The ascospores’ and conidia's size, the size and shape of the perithecia corresponded to the description known for the species Phomopsis phaseoli (Desm.) Sacc. (= Diaporthe phaseolorum (Cooke & Ellis) Sacc.) (Udayanga et al., 2011).The structure of species-specific DNA loci of one isolate were studied: region ITS1-5,8S-ITS2 (primers ITS5 / ITS4), fragments of beta-tubulin (primers Bt2a / Bt2b) and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF 1) genes (primers EF1-728F / EF1-986R). DNA isolation, extraction of amplicons, and sequencing were performed as described in Kutuzova et al., 2017. The sequence of nucleotides of the site ITS1-5,8S-ITS2 (NCBI-GenBank Accession MH412692) and fragment of the beta-tubulin gene (MH424441) were 100% identical to D. phaseolorum strain CBS 113425 (accessions KC343174 and KC344142, correspondingly). Fragment of TEF 1 gene (MH424442) was similar to D. phaseolorum strain CBS 116020 (98.86%, accession KC343902) and to strain CBS 113425 (99.1%, KC343900).Slices of potato tuber, tomato, eggplant and pepper fruits were successfully infected with the fungus micelium from axenic culture. On the surface of the infected eggplant and tomato fruit slices dark-colored pycnidia were formed. Exudate with conidia was transferred to a malt agar medium. The fungus isolate grown on the medium was indistinguishable from the initial P. phaseoli strain. There were no fungal mycelium in control (vegetables aseptically inoculated with water without fungal spores).P. phaseoli is pathogenic to soy (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) (Kulik, 1988). Soybean is widespread in the Krasnodar Territory, fields often border with tomato ones. The field from which affected fruits were collected, was surrounded by soybean fields. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of P. phaseoli on tomato. Field surveys in 2018 revealed P. phaseoli strains in two other tomato fields of the Krasnodar Territory.
Добавил в систему: Еланский Сергей Николаевич

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