Psychophysiological Mechanisms of Emotion Regulation in Stress-loaded Situations in Patients with Various Forms of Essential Hypertension

Pervichko, E.I.; Sokolov, E.I.; Zinchenko, Y.P.; Ostroumova, O.D.

Авторы: Pervichko E.I., Sokolov E.I., Zinchenko Yu P., Ostroumova O.D.
Журнал: International Journal of Psychophysiology
Том: 108
Год издания: 2016
Издательство: Elsevier BV
Местоположение издательства: Netherlands
Первая страница: 160
Последняя страница: 161
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2016.07.462
Аннотация: Background. Despite the longstanding research into psychophysiological mechanisms of emotion regulation (ER) in cases of essential hypertension (EH), obtained results reveal a certain contradiction. The present study aims at further investigation of psychophysiological mechanisms of ER in patients with ‘Hypertension at work’ and ‘classical’ EH. Methods. The study developed simulation of emotional stress with the analysis of the aspiration level (AL). We approached particular features of AL and behavioral responses. The level of state anxiety (SA) (Spielberger, 1989), BP values, urine adrenalin (A) and noradrenaline (NA) level were taken before and after the experiment. There were examined 85 patients with ‘Hypertension at work’ (mean age was 45.9±2.8 years); 85 patients with ‘classical’ EH (mean age was 47.4±4.5 years) and 82 healthy individuals (HI) (mean age was 44.9±3.1 years). Results. Rates of the patients with ‘Hypertension at work’, when compared with patients of the second group and HI revealed a significant increase (р<0.001) of systolic BP (SBP) in response to stress loads (on average, for 16.1±1.9 mmHg, 4.1±0.7 mmHg, and 3.0±0.8 mmHg respectively). In the group of ‘HTN at work’ patients initial biochemical readings showed significantly lower values of A (81.7±12.2 nmol/day) and NA (151.6±13.3 nmol/day), and, paradoxically, their further decrease in the course of experiment (Δ%А=(-33.5%) and Δ%NА=(-8.7%). To compare the values with those of patients of the group of ‘classical’ EH (before: A (119.8+12.2 nmol/day, NА=182.1+13.3 nmol/day; Δ%А=76.4%, Δ%NА=80.8%). After the experiment biochemical values of the group of patients with ‘HTN at work’ did not show increase of SA, but revealed more frequent inadequacy (69.4%) and instability (56.5%) on the AL. They demonstrated less emphatic gesticulation and non-frequent change of postures, but more vigorous facial expressions and rapid changes of the voice tone, if compared with patients of the second group or HI. Patients with ‘classical’ EH more often demonstrate wide spectrum of behavioral responses, increase of AL in the experiment, which is coupled with lower growth of SBP and significant (p<0.05) increase of catecholamines after the experiment. Discussion. We may conclude that patients with ‘Hypertension at work’ are more prone to repress their emotions. They reveal biochemical and physiological features of chronic stress and psychophysiological exhaustion, if compared with participants of other two groups. Conclusion. Obtained results manifest heterogeneity of the group of EH patients, as revealed by the analysis of psychophysiological mechanisms of emotion regulation, and their distinction, when compared with rates and values of healthy individuals.
Добавил в систему: Первичко Елена Ивановна

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