Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events in the Moscow Agglomeration

Kislov, A.V.; Alekseeva, L.I.; Varentsov, M.I.; Konstantinov, P.I.

Авторы: Kislov A.V., Alekseeva L.I., Varentsov M.I., Konstantinov P.I.
Журнал: Russian Meteorology and Hydrology
Том: 45
Номер: 7
Год издания: 2020
Издательство: Allerton Press Inc.
Местоположение издательства: United States
Первая страница: 498
Последняя страница: 507
DOI: 10.3103/S1068373920070055
Аннотация: Based on monitoring data (surface observation network and satellites) and on the results ofclimate simulations with the COSMO-CLM and ENVI-MET models, the dynamics of the urban heatisland (UHI) and wet/dry island and their 3D structure for the Moscow agglomeration are investigated.It is found that the Moscow UHI is maintained by the anthropogenic heat influx to the urbanatmosphere. To some extent, UHI is self-induced due to the feedback mechanism (providingapproximately 10% of the effect) between temperature and the downward flux of longwave radiation.The UHI creates a counterclockwise circulation of airflows. The UHI and its circulation system arelogically considered a product of self-organization, when a meso-beta scale circulation system isgenerated under the influence of multiple actions of small (meso-gamma scale) impacts. The UHI isaccompanied by the wet/dry island. The domed three-dimensional structure of the islands is disturbedunder steady strong winds and is transformed into the plume structure. The interannual trend towardsthe UHI strengthening is noted. This determines the effect of the warming acceleration related to theglobal warming and an increase in the discomfort effects in the Moscow urban system. The intense heatwaves (1972, 2002, and 2010) which caused catastrophic droughts and wildfires in the European part ofRussia are the major factor of vulnerability of the Moscow economy and population. In addition, theinfluence of the anomalies is amplified by the urban environment.
Добавил в систему: Алексеева Любовь Игоревна

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Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events in the Moscow Agglomerationстатья

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