The role of nerve growth factor in plastic reorganizations of forebrain cholinergic neuronsстатья
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Дата последнего поиска статьи во внешних источниках: 3 мая 2017 г.
Аннотация:Neuronal plastic reorganizations is largely regulated by trophic factors in their development. Among them the special attention is deserved by nerve growth factor (NGF) which is involved not only in plastic reorganizations of neurons, but also in pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease according to reports today. In the brain, NGF is produced in the structures innervated by cholinergic neurons in the forebrain basal nuclei and retrogradely transported along the axons to the bodies of cholinergic neurons. This neurotrophic factor is necessary for normal development and functioning of the forebrain basal cholinergic nuclei. It influences the formation of dendritic tree and arborizations of neurons and the level of activity and choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholinesterase in them. The trophic effect of NGF is mediated through its interaction with receptors TrkA and p75. Experimental and clinical studies have shown changes in the content of NGF in the brain at various pathological states. However, the therapeutic use of NGF is limited by its poor ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, the presence of side effects due to its pleiotropy and the possibility of immune reactions occurrence. Therefore, currently an actual task is engineering of gene therapy for correction of pathology, associated with NGF deficiency, and creation of low-molecular NGF mimetics, that interact with the appropriate receptors and possess high biological activity, but have no negative properties inherent in native NGF.