Problems and Prospects of Water Resources Managment

Fontana, K.

Автор: Fontana K.
Сборник: Proceedings of the III International Conference SER 2020 “New Trends and Best Practices in Socioeconomic Research” (September 17th-19th, 2020, Igalo (Herceg Novi), Montenegro)
Тезисы
Год издания: 2021
Место издания: 3M Makarije Podgorica
Первая страница: 67
Последняя страница: 68
Аннотация: The aim of this paper is to demonstrate some of the key problems of water resources’ management and propose ways to their solution. Water resources (WR), especially high-quality fresh water, are of great ecological, economic and social importance. However, their management systems often fails to meet the current needs of addressing the accumulated problems in the water sector, which could lead to increased water scarcity and quality issues, as well as to pose difficulties for food security and ecosystem protection. It is important to note that nowadays, water resources management cannot focus only on solving current problems, it should have a strategic vision for the sector development and the ability to implement it. Only an adequate combination of tactical and strategic solutions can reduce the risks related to the supply of acceptable water of the right quality for different purposes, including using alternative water supply methods. One of the most promising forms of governing the combined solutions, including both managerial and technological aspects, are information and technology platforms (IT-platforms) that ensure the functional unity of the structures and environment of the ecosystem. The foreign experience on intelligent management systems (IMS) of water resources with the use of digital technologies (DT) and technological innovation (TI) is diverse and includes (i) the innovative platform SANePLAN implemented in a number of cities in Italy and Spain, (ii) “Atlas of Urban Waters for Europe” aimed at achieving the goal of “Water-Wise City” based on the experience and best practices of management of more than 40 cities in Europe, (iii) the interactive IT-platform Environmental Glance used by the OECD as a tool for monitoring, assessing environmental progress (including in relation to water resources) and tracking the path towards sustainable development. As for Russia, the 2018 large-scale presidential “spatial development program” assumes the widespread use of TI, DT and modern approaches in housing and communal services to develop a strategy for socio-economic development. A good example of the implementation of IT-platforms that ensure the transition to the IMS of WR is the Federal project "Digital Ob-Irtysh Basin", the purpose of which is to create a control system for the WR of the largest river basin in Russia, based on Big Data using the technology of “Smart Digital Twins” (SDT). The advantages of the similar platforms consist in the solving such tasks as creating new competencies in the region, jobs, introducing technological innovations, solving import substitution issues. However, the process of digitalization in Russia is proceeding slowly because of numerous violations of the rules for the protection of water bodies contribute to the pollution of WR, as well as ineffective state monitoring and environmental control due to the slow introduction of DT and TI, and the lack of objective information on the state of water bodies hinders the technological and economic development of the sphere, complicates the adoption of management decisions and the transition to "smart water". The research results can be used by the state, regional and urban (municipal) authorities, all legal entities and individuals related to the WR management system. KEYWORDS: Water resources, problems, solutions, information and technology platforms.
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