Influence of Synthesis Conditions for Yb:CaWO4 Single Crystals on the Down-Conversion Luminescence of Yb3+ Ions in These Crystalsстатья
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Аннотация:Yb:CaWO
4
and Yb, Nb:CaWO
4
single crystals have been grown by the Czochralski method in air
and in protective atmospheres and subjected to additional annealing in air, in CO/CO
2
atmosphere, and in
forevacuum. The optical absorption spectra in the range from 250 to 1500 nm and the luminescence spectra
of these crystals in the visible and near-IR spectral regions upon UV excitation have been investigated. It is
shown that additional introduction of Nb
5+
ions into Yb:CaWO
4
crystal increases by an order of magnitude
(almost to unity) the Yb
3+
distribution coefficient between CaWO
4
crystal and melt. It is found that optical
excitation of the crystals in the range of 260–355 nm induces down-conversion luminescence of Yb
3+
ions
from the
2
F
5/2
level in the vicinity of 1 μm. An increase in the oxidative potential of synthesis atmosphere, as
well as the introduction of niobium into the crystal composition, weakens this luminescence. A consistent
pattern explaining the nature of the donor centers involved in down-conversion population of excited state
2
F
5/2
of Yb
3+
in the crystals is proposed. Within this pattern, Yb
2+
ions play the role of these donor centers.
Another (much less efficient) mechanism of population of the
2
F
5/2
level is intracenter relaxation from the
higher-lying charge transfer excited state within Yb
3+
ions. At the same time, it is confirmed that color centers
based on oxygen vacancies and partially reduced tungsten ions, as well as self-trapped excitons on tungstate
complexes, are not involved in population of the excited state
2
F
5/2
of Yb
3+
ions, and the optical centers
formed in Yb:CaWO
4
crystals as a result of vacuum annealing suppress ytterbium luminescence.