|
ИСТИНА |
Войти в систему Регистрация |
ИСТИНА ЦЭМИ РАН |
||
Theoretical foundations and technology of multiscale soil-landscape GIS mappingтезисы доклада Тезисы
- Авторы: Nikiforova Aleksandra, Fleis Maria, Belyonova Nina
- Сборник: II INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE LANDSCAPE DIMENSIONS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: SCIENCE – CARTOGIS - PLANNING – GOVERNANCE
- Тезисы
- Год издания: 2022
- Место издания: Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Tbilisi, Georgia
- Первая страница: 114
- Последняя страница: 115
- Аннотация: http://icldscartogis.tsu.ge/assets/media/uploads/images/abstracts_book_2022.pdf Solving the problems of soil and landscape mapping is still an important and urgent task of soil science and landscape science. These problems primarily include the lack of multiscale maps, as well as, the inconsistency and low information content of traditional (legacy) and digital maps. The main reasons for this situation are the priority of practical goals over scientific ones, misunderstanding of the relationship between mapping and classification, ignoring or misusing the systems approach and contemporary classification theories, as well as focusing on the use of new technical achievements and underestimating the theoretical justification.An innovative method for solving problems of soil and landscape mapping is proposed. On the basis of the systems approach, Dokuchaev’s definition of soils and the achievements of landscape science, the authors develop the system concept of natural soils and landscapes, including the definition of natural soils as systems and, at the same time, as derived elements of systems of a higher hierarchical level - natural landscapes. Being derived landscape elements, natural soils are formed as a result of the interaction of the interdependent basic landscape elements - rocks, air, natural waters, living and dead organisms. On the basis of this concept and contemporary theories of classification, the Hierarchical Soil-LandscapeClassification System (SLCS) is being developed, on the basis of which, in turn, legends of multiscale soil and landscape maps (MSLMs) are created.In the process of classification, the successive division of natural landscapes into classes isaccompanied by a simultaneous successive division of soils, which are derived elements of theselandscapes. The selection and ranking of differentiating criteria are carried out in accordance with the developed objective rules. At each of the first three levels of classification, a differentiating criterion is one of the essential properties of natural landscapes as integral formations (namely, the type of vertical structure of landscapes, stability/instability of vertical structure of landscapes, and the presence/absence of associated soils), and at each subsequent level - one of the essential properties of one of the basic landscape elements, which determines the essential properties of soils.MSLMs are a system of interconnected and consistent highly informative maps of all scale ranges, having a single classification basis, reflecting the relationship between soils, landscapes and the basic landscape elements, integrating spatial data on soils and landscapes and aimed at solving both scientific and practical problems of soil and landscape mapping. These are maps not only of soil and landscape classes, but also maps of essential properties of landscapes as integral formations, soils and basic landscape elements. Among them, for example, are maps of types of megarelief, zonal types of vegetation (in response to macroclimate), granulometric texture of loose rocks, the chemical composition of groundwater and salinization of rocks.For each scale range, based on an expert analysis of all available spatial data on soils and landscapes, an integral polygon data layer is created in the GIS environment, from which the MSLMs are generated. In this case, raster images of paper maps are not vectorized, but only scanned. For each of these layers, a geographic basis and a base coordinate system are selected. When moving from small-scale layers to largescale layers, the level of detail of the thematic content of the maps generated from them changes abruptly.The SLCS is being created within the framework of a multi-user bilingual (Russian-English) hierarchicalinformation system (https://slcs-2021.ru/), within which information on sustainable management, protection and assessment of soils and landscapes can be added to each of classes, as well as variousdrawings, photos, videos, tables, texts, etc.Keywords: natural soils, landscapes, soil-landscape classification, spatial data, hierarchical information system.
- Добавил в систему: Никифорова Александра Александровна