Pion gravitational form factors at large momentum transfer in the instant-form relativistic impulse approximation approachстатьяИсследовательская статья
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Аннотация:A. F. Krutov 1,2,* and V. E. Troitsky 3,†1Samara State Technical University, 443100 Samara, Russia2Samara Branch, P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences,443011 Samara, Russia3D.V. Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University,Moscow 119991, Russia(Received 22 October 2023; accepted 9 November 2023; published 29 November 2023)We extend our relativistic theory of gravitational structure of composite hadrons to obtain the piongravitational form factors at large momentum transfers. The approach was used in the case of intermediateregion of the variable in our preceding works [Phys. Rev. D 103, 014029 (2021)] and [Phys. Rev. D 106,054013 (2022)]. The calculation is carried out in the framework of a relativistic composite-particle modelcomplemented by the special relativistic form of impulse approximation. It is found that in the limit ofmassless and pointlike quarks, the obtained asymptotic expansion coincides with the predictions ofperturbative QCD for gravitational pion form factors. The principal contribution to the asymptotics,coinciding with the predictions of QCD, is given by the relativistic effect of spin rotation. In particular, theasymptotics of the D form factor is completely determined by this kinematic effect. Several restrictions onthe allowed form of gravitational form factors of quarks are derived.DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.108.094043I. INTRODUCTIONThe theory of the gravitational structure of hadrons isthe focus of investigation during the last decades. Itscurrent status is reviewed in [1] and for earlier reviews see,e.g., [2–6]. The basic mathematical object in this theory isthe operator of the energy-momentum tensor (EMT) of theparticle (see, e.g., [7]), and, respectively, its Lorentzcovariantdecomposition in terms of the gravitational formfactors (