Towards elevated perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) enrichment in water: Sequential liquid-liquid extraction pretreatment for ion chromatography detection

Yang, Y.; He, H.; Chen, Y.; Chen, B.; Esfahani, E.B.; Mohseni, M.; Xu, N.; Nesterenko, P.

Авторы: Yang Yang, He Huan, Chen Yuheng, Chen Baiyang, Esfahani Ehsan Banayan, Mohseni Madjid, Xu Nan, Nesterenko Pavel
Журнал: Chemosphere
Том: 358
Год издания: 2024
Издательство: Pergamon Press Ltd.
Местоположение издательства: United Kingdom
Номер статьи: 142227
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142227
Аннотация: The widespread detection of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in the environment has raised significant concerns. The standard PFOA analytical method relies on expensive solid-phase extraction (SPE) and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) instruments, making routine use prohibitive. We herein proposed a cost-effective yet novel enrichment method for determining PFOA at ng L-1 level. This method entailed a two-step sample preparation process: firstly, PFOA was extracted and enriched using a forward-extraction under acidic conditions, followed by a backward-extraction and enrichment step utilizing alkaline water. The enriched samples were subsequently subjected to a common ion chromatography (IC). Results reveal that maintaining a forward-extraction pH below its pKa value (2.8) is essential, as protonated PFOA proves effective in enhancing the enrichment factor (EF). The challenge lied in driving PFOA from forward-extractant to aqueous backward-extractant due to the decreased hydrophobicity of deprotonated PFOA (log Kow2 = 1.0). In addition, we found that evaporating forward-extractant with alkaline backward-extractant (containing 5% methanol) reduced potential analytical uncertainties associated with PFOA evaporation and sorption. Under optimal conditions, the method achieved a detection limit of 9.2 ng L-1 and an impressive EF value of 719. Comparison with SPE-LC-MS/MS confirmed the proposed method as a promising alternative for PFOA determination. Although initially targeted for PFOA, the novel methodology is likely applicable to preconcentration of other poly-fluoroalkyl substances.
Добавил в систему: Нестеренко Павел Николаевич

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Towards elevated perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) enrichment in water: Sequential liquid-liquid extraction pretreatment for ion chromatography detectionстатья Исследовательская статья

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