Аннотация:The world at large tends to regard Japan as a country of cutting-edge technologies, including AI. This is caused not only by the Japanese government’s real technological achievements and interest in AI developments, but also by the peculiarities of Japanese mass culture which spread (in particular) an image of a high-tech present and future with AI technologies widely applied. Japan’s significance in the framework of international security is similarly defined not only by its active foreign policy, but also by the country being an important partner for both sides in the Sino–American economic and political rivalry (including competition in the field of AI). Against the background of the struggle for where the vector of Japanese foreign policy will turn (public opinion is crucial here), as well as of the rapid development and cheapening of AI, the threats of the malicious use of AI (MUAI) by both transnational actors and interest groups within the country may increase. This chapter attempts to identify current and future threats of the MUAI in Japan’s psychological sphere, which can be caused by a broad range of factors, from the economic significance and level of AI development in the country to the growing influence of aggressive political actors against the backdrop of international tension.