Urban heat island and urban dry island in Moscow and their centennial changes

Lokoshchenko, M.A.

Автор: Lokoshchenko M.A.
Журнал: Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology
Том: 56
Номер: 10
Год издания: 2017
Издательство: American Meteorological Society
Местоположение издательства: United States
Первая страница: 2729
Последняя страница: 2745
DOI: 10.1175/JAMC-D-16-0383.1
Аннотация: The long-term dynamics of both urban heat island (UHI) and urban dry island (UDI) intensities over Moscow city has been analyzed for the period since the end of the 19th century till recent years using data of the ground meteorological network. Besides traditional maximum heat/dry island intensity an additional parameter – station-averaged intensity as a mean difference between the data of all urban and rural stations – has been used. The traditional maximum (mean annual) UHI intensity in Moscow was nearly 1.0 ºC at the end of the 19th century, 1.2 ºC one century ago, 1.5-1.6 ºC both in the middle and at the end of the 20th century, and 2.0 ºC in recent years. The station-averaged UHI intensity was equal to 0.7-0.8 ºC in the second half of the 20th century and increased up to 1.0 ºC in recent years. Probably stabilization of both parameters from 1950s to 1990s was connected with the extensive city growth at that time (mass resettlement of inhabitants from the overpopulated city centre to the new urban periphery since 1960s). New increase of UHI intensities is the result of the new intensive city growth. The relative humidity in Moscow significantly decreased during the last 146 years (mostly due to warming) unlike water vapor pressure. The UDI is closely connected with the UHI; the absolute value (modulus) of its intensity is increasing in time from –4 % at the end of the 19th century to –9 % now. During the last two decades the UDI as well as the UHI became much stronger than before.
Добавил в систему: Локощенко Михаил Александрович

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Urban heat island and urban dry island in Moscow and their centennial changesстатья

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