Combining experimental and computational methods to produce conjugates of anticholinesterase and antioxidant pharmacophores with linker chemistries affecting biological activities related to treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

Makhaeva, G.F.; Kovaleva, N.V.; Rudakova, E.V.; Boltneva, N.P.; Lushchekina, S.V.; Astakhova, T.Y.; Timokhina, E.N.; Serkov, I.V.; Proshin, A.N.; Soldatova, Y.V.; Poletaeva, D.A.; Faingold, I.I.; Mumyatova, V.A.; Terentiev, A.A.; Radchenko, E.V.; Palyulin, V.A.; Bachurin, S.O.; Richardson, R.J.

Авторы: Makhaeva Galina F., Kovaleva Nadezhda V., Rudakova Elena V., Boltneva Natalia P., Lushchekina Sofya V., Astakhova Tatiana Y., Timokhina Elena N., Serkov Igor V., Proshin Alexey N., Soldatova Yuliya V., Poletaeva Darya A., Faingold Irina I., Mumyatova Viktoriya A., Terentiev Alexey A., Radchenko Eugene V., Palyulin Vladimir A., Bachurin Sergey O., Richardson Rudy J.
Журнал: Molecules
Том: 29
Номер: 2
Год издания: 2024
Издательство: MDPI
Местоположение издательства: Basel, Switzerland
Первая страница: 321
Номер статьи: 321
DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020321
Аннотация: Effective therapeutics for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are in great demand worldwide. In our previous work, we responded to this need by synthesizing novel drug candidates consisting of 4-amino-2,3-polymethylenequinolines conjugated with butylated hydroxytoluene via fixed-length alkylimine or alkylamine linkers (spacers) and studying their bioactivities pertaining to AD treatment. Here, we report significant extensions of these studies, including the use of variable-length spacers and more detailed biological characterizations. Conjugates were potent inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE, the most active was 17d IC50 15.1 ± 0.2 nM) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE, the most active was 18d: IC50 5.96 ± 0.58 nM), with weak inhibition of off-target carboxylesterase. Conjugates with alkylamine spacers were more effective cholinesterase inhibitors than alkylimine analogs. Optimal inhibition for AChE was exhibited by cyclohexaquinoline and for BChE by cycloheptaquinoline. Increasing spacer length elevated the potency against both cholinesterases. Structure–activity relationships agreed with docking results. Mixed-type reversible AChE inhibition, dual docking to catalytic and peripheral anionic sites, and propidium iodide displacement suggested the potential of hybrids to block AChE-induced β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation. Hybrids also exhibited the inhibition of Aβ self-aggregation in the thioflavin test; those with a hexaquinoline ring and C8 spacer were the most active. Conjugates demonstrated high antioxidant activity in ABTS and FRAP assays as well as the inhibition of luminol chemiluminescence and lipid peroxidation in mouse brain homogenates. Quantum-chemical calculations explained antioxidant results. Computed ADMET profiles indicated favorable blood–brain barrier permeability, suggesting the CNS activity potential. Thus, the conjugates could be considered promising multifunctional agents for the potential treatment of AD.
Добавил в систему: Солдатова Юлия Валериевна

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Combining experimental and computational methods to produce conjugates of anticholinesterase and antioxidant pharmacophores with linker chemistries affecting biological activities related to treatment of Alzheimer’s diseaseстатья